Differentiation in the classroom pdf

Practical strategies for adapting learning and teaching in science for students with diverse needs and abilities comprises differentiated lesson plans together with worksheets, activities and ideas that can be implemented in the classroom. Pdf differentiated classroom responding to the needs of all. For the purposes of this paper, only research studies dealing with differentiated instruction, over the last 25 years from 1980 to 2005, were included. By giving students an appropriate challenge that meets their. Differentiation in the classroom the teachers academy. This can be comparable evidence of success and achievement. Moon to provide you with a framework for differentiation that improves preassessments, formative assessments, summative assessments, grading, and report cards. Assessment and student success in a differentiated classroom the leading expert on differentiation, carol ann tomlinson, joins measurement and assessment expert tonya r. Imbeau in their book leading and managing a differentiated classroom 2010.

Group students by shared interest, topic, or ability for assignments. Pdf growing student diversity in todays classrooms calls for appropriate instructional strategies. Differentiated instruction in the foreign language. You would also notice that i use multiple texts for my instructional reading lessons. What does differentiation in the classroom really look like and how can teachers make sure they are growing all students. Its generally accepted that one mission of schooling is to help learners develop. They posit that at the core of the classroom practice of differentiation is the modification of. Generally implemented as a whole school implementation strategy, rti is a highly effective differentiation strategy. The focus of this resource is to describe what is meant by differentiation and to provide practical strategies and tools that can be used to create meaningful and engaging learning experiences for all students.

Differentiating to a wide number of pupils of different abilities in a classroom can cause some of us to break out in a cold sweat. Dr john munro is head of studies in exceptional learning and gifted in the graduate school of education at the university of melbourne. Teachers who practice differentiation in the classroom may. The curriculum and differentiation for differentiation to be. Library of congress cataloginginpublication data tomlinson, carol a.

Differentiation is the recognition of and commitment to plan for student differences. This accessible book by rebecca hare and robert dillon provides a thoughtful way to rethink classroom space based on what students determine is valuable. What is differentiated instruction and why differentiate. Barbara bray and kathleen mcclaskey there is a difference between personalization and differentiation and individualization. With contemporary classrooms becoming increasingly diverse, educational authorities, teachers and school administrators are looking to teaching and learning. Differentiation in the classroom as educators we all recognise that differentiation in the classroom is vital as students are individuals who learn at different rates and in different ways. Differentiated instruction is done by recognizing that students have a variety of background knowledge and experiences, interests, and readiness, and then reacting appropriately. Differentiated instruction is a blend of wholeclass, group, and individual instruction. A practical guide to differentiation, and former classroom teacher who has spent years showing teachers how they already intuitively differentiateby providing choice in assignments, for exampleand coaching them in how to go further toward taking their various students. Differentiated instruction in the inclusive classroom. Classroom management to coordinate flexible groupings and projects is a key component of applying differentiated instruction. Below weve gathered a list of 50 differentiation strategies. Continually assess and adjust lesson content to meet students needs.

Most young children in their first year of school can look around their classrooms and easily point out who can already read well. Following are some ideas for creating and coordinating groups in a multilevel, differentiated class. Sec b readings differentiated instruction introduction not all students are alike. After all, at its heart, differentiation is about delivering the curriculum in a way that makes. Based on this knowledge, differentiated instruction applies an approach to teaching and learning so that students have multiple options for taking in information and making sense of ideas.

The teacher checks to make sure each student has completed assigned homework. Differentiation is a rational approach to meeting the needs of individual learners, but actually making it possible on a daily basis in the classroom can be challenge. Jul 06, 2017 rethinking and reimagining classroom space setups can develop a culture of learning if we include students in the shaping of the environment. Differentiation in the secondary classroom 8th grade math esl duration. He is a trained primary and secondary teacher and a. It may sound daunting, but with a few fresh examples and tips for executing differentiation in your classroom, it can be a powerfully effective tool for reaching all students. This is because it helps students who struggle with extended writing to begin their work. Learning environments that support differentiated instruction 25. A reading list for differentiated instruction edutopia.

The internet can expand the learning environment far beyond the walls of the classroom and offers particularly promise for engaging and differentiating content for children. In addition to these learner differences, classrooms in the united states. Differentiation requires the teacher to vary their approaches in order to accommodate various learning styles, ability levels and interests. Arguably, a relentless focus on raising test scores has resulted in curriculum and instruction that are, if anything, less. Effective strategies for implementing differentiated instruction john munro university of melbourne, vic. Classroom differentiation strategies can also be greatly enhanced by using the internet in a variety of creative ways.

Pdf teachers and their implementation of differentiated instruction. Teacher workstation differentiated instruction 19 alberta education, alberta, canada. Differentiation is a journey that all teachers must take. Teachers at work building differentiated classrooms 47. Data collecting tools for formative assessments these tools allow teachers to survey students understanding, so teachers can. What is most likely to change in a differentiated classroom is how students gain access to core learning.

A wide variety of assessments is used to determine students learning styles, strengths, weaknesses, likes, and dislikes. Reading students writing helps me know what students understand and where they need more support. Differentiation in the classroom means anything which a teacher does which helps in personalising learning. Differentiation in the classroom the highly effective teacher. This is the beginning of an index of similar in form and function to the teachthought learning model index. Students who have not completed the assignment work in a designated area of the. Students come to the music classroom with different educational readiness, learning styles, abilities, and preferences. Differentiation is necessary for teaching all students in all kinds of settings, including the general education classroom. The combination of these attitudes, knowledge and practices is called differentiation. Personalization vs differentiation vs individualization authors. Tomlinson 2001 stated a differentiated classroom provides different avenues to acquiring content, to processing or making sense of ideas, and to developing products so that each student can learn effectively p. Assess students learning using formative assessment. Specifically, i compiled these materials to support teachers in diverse classrooms who want to meet the needs of students with a wide range of needs, interests, challenges, and strengths, including. Contextualising differentiation so what exactly is differentiation.

Differentiation of teaching and learning helps addressing this problem by respecting the different levels that exist in the classroom, and by responding to the needs of each learner. Rigorous, relevant, complex and flexible, differentiated instruction is a response to that uniqueness. Equally, observations of experienced teachers include criteria connected to differentiation and personalising learning. With multiple levels of achievement, interests, readiness, learning and product styles represented in each classroom, effective and meaningful differentiation may be the most important attribute of the 21st century teacher who wants to help each student make continuous progress in. Differentiating instruction using multiple intelligences. Teaching and learning strategies for differentiated. Students work in a variety of group configurations, as well as independently. During their training period, aspiring teachers are implored to differentiate without being given clear guidance on what this means in practice. Differentiation has been defined as an approach to teaching that attempts to ensure that all students learn well, despite their many differences original emphasis. Differentiation is shaking up what goes on in the classroom. The resource aims to contextualise differentiation and to suggest a number of strategies to support differentiated teaching and learning in the classroom. Teachers can differentiate the product of a lesson by asking some students to teach another student how to complete the object of the lesson, or to use the specific learning outcome to complete an authentic task.

A differentiated classroom provides varied ave nues to acquire content, process information, and develop final products. Tomlinson and imbeau 2010 describe differentiation as classroom practice with a balanced emphasis on individual students and course content. Differentiation through learning style responsive strategies. This multitier approach to classroom learning enables teachers to identify the abilities of individual learners and provide additional instruction to learners who may benefit from support in smaller, more targeted settings. Differentiation is a term which is bandied around without much thought being given to the specific meaning of the concept. I survived a complex classroom, and you can too, by approaching the situation in a creative way. Despite these findings, relatively few students have access to teachers who either use learningstyle responsive. And in schools, classroom practice still tilts decidedly to the onesizefitsall end of the flexibility spectrum. Use classroom cameras to create a narrated photo essay that would help a younger student understand how some facet of the topic you have studied works in the world. The curriculum advocates the use of a broad range of active learning methodologies such as use of the environment, talk and discussion, collaborative work and use of ict.

Good instruction as a basis for differentiated teaching 36. History of differentiated instruction the roots of differentiated instruction go all the way back to the days of the oneroom schoolhouse, where one teacher had students of all ages in one classroom. It asks teachers to know their students well so they can provide each one with experiences and tasks that will improve learning. Differentiation in the classroom making a difference series materials adapted by jackie buisman, pps tag, 1997 from carol ann tomlinson s how to differentiate instruction in. Teaching and learning strategies for differentiated instruction in the language classroom 2010 chinese language teachers summer institute new york state albetac. How differentiated instruction and formative assessment work at forest lake elementary duration.

Personalization vs differentiation vs individualization. How to differentiate instruction in mixedability classrooms. Differentiating content, process, product, learning environment. Tomlinson 2001 writes that a differentiated classroom provides different paths for. Differentiation is a modification of teaching and learning routines and can address a broad range of learners readiness levels, interests, and modes of learning tomlinson, 2001. Differentiation is a simple idea thats less simple to actuate. Pdf on nov 1, 2016, theoula erotocritou stavrou and others published differentiation of teaching and learning. Differentiated instruction is any instructional strategy that recognizes and supports individual differences in learning.

Differentiation is rooted in good teaching, but good teaching is not always differentiated. The impact of differentiated instruction in a teacher. Differentiation is whats expected of good teachers. Try the ones that best apply to you, depending on factors such as student age. Nov 23, 2016 john mccarthy is an educational consultant, author of so all can learn. Available in a condensed and printable list for your desk, you can use 16 in most classes and the last four for math lessons. As educators we all recognise that differentiation in the classroom is vital as students are individuals who learn at different rates and in different ways. Differentiation requires teachers to assess students and adjust the content, process and product to meet their students needs. However, planning, programming and assessing for the wide variety of needs and interests of multiage and multiability classes can be quite a challenge.

To help create lessons that engage and resonate with a diverse classroom, below are 20 differentiated instruction strategies and examples. By giving students an appropriate challenge that meets their needs, student growth and success is maximized. The class that made me realise that it was possible, albeit with some planning and creativity, was reception to year 4 in one class. But rather than sitting all together and following the teachers lead in completing a single assignment, the. Differentiation in the classroom the highly effective. Santos to shape a project that demonstrates understanding and skill in science. Manage the classroom to create a safe and supportive environment. Differentiation and constructivism the learning theory of constructivism seems to lend itself to differentiated instruction since both are concerned with student centered learning. Differentiated instruction is a philosophy of teaching and learning which recognizes that each learner is unique. Differentiation is the means by which all students make progress toward and beyond standards. We hope you and your students enjoy these lessons as much as we do. Differentiation in the classroom making a difference series materials adapted by jackie buisman, pps tag, 1997 from carol ann tomlinson s how to differentiate instruction in mixed ability classrooms booklet, facilita.

For example, providing sentence starters is differentiation. Differentiation in the classroom portland public schools. Differentiation can be accurately described as classroom practice with a balanced emphasis on individual students and course content, write carol ann tomlinson and marcia b. Supporting multiple disabilities through differentiation. There are different teaching strategies that can be used to differentiate in. Planning for all differentiated instruction is an organizing structure or framework in teaching and learning which calls for a major restructuring in the classroom and curriculum, if done well, its benefits far out way the costs. Lowprep differentiation highprep differentiation choice of books tiered activities and labs homework options tiered products varied journal prompts alternative assessments wholetopart parttowhole explanations lectures coupled with graphic organizers varied. The teacher uses a variety of instructional strategies to help target instruction to students needs. Effective strategies for implementing differentiated.

Consequently, in a differentiated classroom, not every student is doing exactly the same. Differentiation in practice in the curriculum using differentiation to achieve pace and variety differentiation is about teaching and learning styles and teachers should be using all three types of differentiation in order to have a variety of teaching approaches to accommodate the different learning styles in the classroom. This site is a collection of contains nearly 800 ideas to help educators add interest, relevance, fun, and novelty to classroom instruction. Responding to the needs of all learners tomlinson, 1999. This writing is critical in a differentiated reading classroom. Paula kluths differentiation daily a new idea each day to.